The goal of this handbook is to provide the Justice and Peace Commission (JPC) and the Carter Center with information and recommendations as they expand and improve the Community Legal Advisor program. The handbook presents best practices of community-based paralegal and legal advice organizations in developing economies and post-conflict settings in Africa and Asia, and provides a constructive analysis of JPC’s work based on comparative research and fieldwork in Liberia.
The handbook is divided into two sections. Part I presents comparative research on the best practices of community-based paralegal and legal advice organizations in Bangladesh, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Namibia, Nigeria, the Philippines, Sierra Leone, South Africa and Zimbabwe.
Part II provides analysis and recommendations for how JPC can improve their CLA program in the following areas: supervision; training; case management; legal referrals and impact litigation; gender-based violence (GBV); land disputes; the advocate/mediator dilemma; monitoring courts and customary law bodies; mobile clinics; engaging with traditional leaders; and sustainability.
Table of Contents
Acknowledgements
Executive Summary and Recommendations
Part I: Best Practices of Community Legal Advice Programs in Africa and Asia
Balay Alternative Legal Advocates for Development Mindanaw (BALAOD), The Philippines
Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC), Bangladesh
The Black Sash, South Africa
Civil Resource Dvelopment and Documentation Centre (CIRDDOC), Nigeria
Clinique Juridique Deme So, Mali
Foundation for International Dignity (FIND), Liberia
Legal Advice Center-Kituo Cha Sheria (KCS), Kenya
Legal Assistance Center (LAC), Namibia
Legal Resources Foundation (LRF), Zimbabwe
Legal Rights and Natural Resources Center – Kasama Sa Kalikasan (LRC-KSK), The Philippines
Madaripur Legal Aid Association (MLAA), Bangladesh
National Alliance for the Development of Community Advice Offices (Nadcao), South Africa
Paralegal Advisory Service Institute (PASI), Malawi
Saligan, The Philippines
Timap for Justice, Sierra Leone
Women’s Aid Collective (WACOL), Nigeria
Part II: Program Assessment and Recommendations for the Justice and Peace Commission
Supervision
Monitor Qualifications and Training
Case Management
Legal Referrals and Impact Litigation
Gender-based Violence
Land
Advocate/Mediator Dilemma
Monitoring Courts and Customary Law Bodies
Mobile Clinics
Traditional Leaders
Sustainability and Government Recognition
Government Recognition and Regulation of Paralegals: Pros & Cons
Conclusion
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Last updated January 30, 2013.
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Last updated: April 26, 2024
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| COOKIE NAME | PROVIDER | CATEGORY | DESCRIPTION |
|---|---|---|---|
| wp_lang | grassrootsjusticenetwork.org | necessary | |
| wordpress_test_cookie | grassrootsjusticenetwork.org | necessary | Cookie set by WordPress to check if the cookies are enabled on the browser to provide appropriate user experience to the users |
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| _gid | grassrootsjusticenetwork.org | analytics | ID used to identify users for 24 hours after last activity |
| hubspotutk | grassrootsjusticenetwork.org | analytics | Contains visitor's identity |
| __hstc | grassrootsjusticenetwork.org | analytics | Analytics tracking cookie |
| __cf_bm | vimeo.com | necessary | Cloud flare's bot products identify and mitigate automated traffic to protect your site from bad bots. Cloudflare places the __cf_bm cookie on End User devices that access Customer sites that are protected by Bot Management or Bot Fight Mode. The __cf_bm cookie is necessary for the proper functioning of these bot solutions. |
| _gcl_au | grassrootsjusticenetwork.org | advertisement | Used by Google AdSense for experimenting with advertisement efficiency across websites using their services. |
| bscookie | linkedin.com | advertisement | Used by LinkedIn to track the use of embedded services. |
| VISITOR_INFO1_LIVE | youtube.com | advertisement | Tries to estimate the users' bandwidth on pages with integrated YouTube videos. |
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| vuid | vimeo.com | analytics | This first party cookie created by Vimeo is used to assign a Vimeo Analytics unique id. |
| __hs_cookie_cat_pref | grassrootsjusticenetwork.org | necessary | The HubSpot Cookie Banner's consent preferences cookie. |
| ar_debug | google-analytics.com | ||
| VISITOR_PRIVACY_METADATA | youtube.com | ||
| NID | google.com | necessary | This cookies is used to collect website statistics and track conversion rates and Google ad personalisation |
| cf_clearance | vimeo.com | ||
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This Policy will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, without regard to any principles of conflicts of law. You agree that any action at law or in equity that arises out of or relates to any use of the Site may be filed:
The section titles in this Policy are for convenience only and have no legal or contractual effect. The Site, the Forum, and any third-party services they use, may be subject to additional terms and conditions regarding privacy and use of information. Your use of the Site and the Forum is subject to those terms and conditions, which are incorporated into this Policy by reference. In the event of an inconsistency between this Policy and any additional posted conditions, the provisions of the additional conditions shall control.
We may need to change the Policy from time to time in order to address new issues and to reflect changes on the Site or in the law. We reserve the right to revise or make any changes to the Policy, and your continued use of the Site subsequent to any changes to this Policy will mean that you agree to and accept such changes. You can tell if the Policy has been updated by checking the last revised date posted on the top of this page. Historic versions can be obtained by contacting us at privacy@namati.org
You can access, remove, update or correct your information in your Site profile (https://grassrootsjusticenetwork.org/connect/member/YOUR USERNAME HERE/?edit=1) and your Forum profile (https://connect.grassrootsjustice.network/u/YOUR USERNAME HERE/preferences/account).
You can also access, remove, update or correct your information, and raise any questions or concerns regarding the Site or the Policy, by emailing privacy@namati.org, or mailing:
Namati Data Protection Officer 1616 P Street NW, Suite 101 Washington, DC 20036, USA
It is important that the personal data we hold about you is accurate and current. Please keep us informed if your personal data changes during your relationship with us.
You have the right to:
Request access to your personal data (commonly known as a “data subject access request”). This enables you to receive a copy of the personal data we hold about you and to check that we are lawfully processing it.
Request correction of the personal data that we hold about you. This enables you to have any incomplete or inaccurate data we hold about you corrected, though we may need to verify the accuracy of the new data you provide to us.
Request erasure of your personal data. This enables you to ask us to delete or remove personal data where there is no good reason for us continuing to process it. You also have the right to ask us to delete or remove your personal data where you have successfully exercised your right to object to processing (see below), where we may have processed your information unlawfully or where we are required to erase your personal data to comply with local law. Note, however, that we may not always be able to comply with your request of erasure for specific legal reasons which will be notified to you, if applicable, at the time of your request.
Object to processing of your personal data where we are relying on a legitimate interest (or those of a third party) and there is something about your particular situation which makes you want to object to processing on this ground as you feel it has an impact on your fundamental rights and freedoms. You also have the right to object where we are processing your personal data for direct marketing purposes. In some cases, we may demonstrate that we have compelling legitimate grounds to process your information which override your rights and freedoms.
Request restriction of processing of your personal data. This enables you to ask us to suspend the processing of your personal data in the following scenarios:
Request the transfer of your personal data to you or to a third party. We will provide to you, or a third party you have chosen, your personal data in a structured, commonly used, machine-readable format. Note that this right only applies to automated information which you initially provided consent for us to use or where we used the information to perform a contract with you.
Withdraw consent at any time where we are relying on consent to process your personal data. However, this will not affect the lawfulness of any processing carried out before you withdraw your consent. If you withdraw your consent, we may not be able to provide certain products or services to you. We will advise you if this is the case at the time you withdraw your consent.
You will not have to pay a fee to access your personal data (or to exercise any of the other rights). However, we may charge a reasonable fee if your request is clearly unfounded, repetitive or excessive. Alternatively, we could refuse to comply with your request in these circumstances.
We may need to request specific information from you to help us confirm your identity and ensure your right to access your personal data (or to exercise any of your other rights). This is a security measure to ensure that personal data is not disclosed to any person who has no right to receive it. We may also contact you to ask you for further information in relation to your request to speed up our response.
We try to respond to all legitimate requests within one month. Occasionally it could take us longer than a month if your request is particularly complex or you have made a number of requests. In this case, we will notify you and keep you updated.
If you live in an EEA Member State, all of which have adopted the EU GDPR and national , you have a right to lodge a complaint with your relevant supervisory authority about this policy and its application. The European Commission has a list of EU national data protection authorities here:
http://ec.europa.eu/justice/article-29/structure/dataprotectionauthorities/index_en.htm
If you live in the United Kingdom, you have a right to lodge a complaint with your relevant supervisory authority, the ICO, about this policy and its application:
https://ico.org.uk/make-a-complaint/